Events (formerly: Rebellion PKI) Madison 1948

EVENTS Madison (Madison Affairs) is a violent conflict or chaos that occurred in East Java in September-December 1948. This event begins with the proclamation of the Soviet Republic of Indonesia on 18 September 1948 in Madison by Muso, an official in the Communist Party of Indonesia, supported also by the then Defence Minister, Amir Sjarifuddin.


At that moment until the era of the Old Order this event called Madiun (Madiun Affairs), and is never referred to as an uprising of the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI). New in the New Order era event called PKI rebellion began.
Along with that the kidnapping figures in the Madison community, both civilian and military leaders in government or community leaders and religious.
There is still controversy regarding this event. A number of parties are allegations that the PKI was behind this event is actually engineered the New Order government (and most of the perpetrators of the Old Order).
Offers of aid from the Netherlands
At the beginning of the conflict Madison, the Dutch government pretending to offer help to quell the uprising, but the offer was clearly rejected by the government of the Republic of Indonesia. Indonesia's military leaders even take into account, the Netherlands will soon take advantage of the situation to make a full assault on the armed forces of the Republic of Indonesia. Indeed, the left including Amir Syarifuddin Harahap, is building the strength to face the Indonesian Government, which accused the United States tend to side.
Background
After the proclamation of Indonesian independence on August 17, 1945, there are various organizations that foster their cadres, including leftists and socialists. In addition to members of the Pesindo (Socialist Youth Indonesia), the Indonesian Socialist Party (PSI) also contained other leftist groups, including Patuk Discussion Group, initiated by Dayno, who lives in Patuk, Yogyakarta. Participating in discussion groups not only such civilian DN Aidit, Syam Kamaruzzaman, etc.., But then also in the military and even some brigade commanders, including Colonel Joko Suyono, Lt. Col. Sudiarto (Brigade Commander III, Division III), Lieutenant Colonel Soeharto (Brigade Commander X, Division III. Then also be Wehrkreis Commander III, and became President), Lieutenant Colonel Dahlan, Suparjo Captain, Captain Abdul Latif and Captain Lucky Samsuri.
In May 1948 with Suripno, Deputy Indonesia in Prague, Musso, returned from Moscow, Russia. Dated August 11, Musso arrives in Yogyakarta and return immediately occupy leadership positions in the Communist Party of Indonesia. Many socialist politicians and army commanders joined Musso, among others, Mr. Amir Syarifuddin Harahap, dr. Setiajid, Patuk discussion groups, etc..
Kidnap and kill each other action taking place, and each party stated that that other party started. Many military officers, police officers, religious leaders, boarding school in Madison and the surrounding area who were abducted and murdered.
On 10 September 1948, the Governor of East Java cars Ario Soerjo RM (RM Suryo) and two police officers stopped the car mass in Ngawi PKI followers. The three had been killed and his body dumped in the woods. Likewise dr. Muwardi from leftists, was kidnapped and murdered. Allegations leveled immediately, that the others who were doing it. Among the victims were also Kol. Marhadi whose name is now immortalized with a monument that stands in the middle of the square Madiun and name of the main street in the city of Madison.
The left accuses the Government of Indonesia as a number of officials, including Vice President / Prime Minister Mohammad Hatta was influenced by the United States to destroy the Communist Party of Indonesia, in line with the doctrine of Harry S. Truman, the U.S. president who launched the idea of ​​the Domino Theory. Truman said that if there is one country fell to communism under the influence, then neighboring countries would also fall into the hands of the communists, just like in a game of dominoes. Therefore, he is very persistent in the fight against communism throughout the world.
Then on July 21, 1948 had held a secret meeting at the hotel "Huisje Hansje" Sarangan, near Madison, which was attended by Sukarno, Hatta, Sukiman, Minister of the country, Mohamad Roem (Masyumi members) and the Chief of Police Sukanto, whereas in the present America Gerald Hopkins (political adviser to President Truman), Merle Cochran (substitute Graham representing the U.S. in the UN Good Offices Commission). During the meeting Sarangan, later known as "The talks Sarangan", it was reported that the Government of the Republic of Indonesia approved the Red Drive Proposal (proposal extermination red group). With the help of Arturo Campbell, Sukanto go to America in order to receive assistance for RI police. Campbell, who holds the official title of Consular Affairs at the American Consulate General in Jakarta, is actually a member of the Central Intelligence Agency - CIA
Rumored, that figure Sumarsoso Pesindo, on 18 September 1948 on the radio in Madison have announced the formation of the National Front Government for the residency of Madison. However Soemarsono then denied the allegations saying that he announced the formation of the National Front Regional (FND) and PKI rebellion had occurred. He that FND formed in opposition to the threat of the Central Government
On 19 September 1948, President Sukarno in a speech broadcast on radio call upon all the people of Indonesia, to choose: Musso-Amir Syarifuddin or Soekarno-Hatta. Then came the armed conflict, which at the time was called the Madison Affairs (Madiun), and in the New Order era, especially in the textbooks of history later declared a PKI rebellion Madison.
End of conflict
Musso battered forces in support of two directions: From Division II West by troops under the command of Colonel Gatot Subroto, who was appointed Military Governor of Region II (Semarang-Surakarta) dated 15 September 1948, and the troops of the Division Siliwangi, while from the east attacked by troops from Division I, under the leadership of Colonel Sungkono, who was appointed Military Governor of East Java, on 19 September 1948, as well as the forces Mobiele Brigade Major (MBB) East Java, under the leadership of M. Yasin.
Commander Sudirman convey to the government that military forces can quell supporter Musso within 2 weeks. It is true, core strength Musso support troops can be destroyed in a short time.
On 30 September 1948, the city of Madison can be controlled entirely. Republican forces coming from the east and the troops coming from the west, met at the Hotel Merdeka in Madison. But the leftist leader and several troops of their supporters, escaped and fled in different directions, so it can not be immediately arrested.
Only in the end of November 1948 the entire leadership and support troops Musso killed or arrested. Eleven leftist leaders, including Mr. Amir Syarifuddin Harahap, former Prime Minister of the Republic of Indonesia, was executed on December 20, 1948, on the orders of Col.. Lake Winnipesaukee.