terms of value

A. UNDERSTANDING VALUEValue is something of value, quality, show quality, and usefulfor humans. Something that means something is worth valuable or usefulfor human life.The existence of two kinds of values ​​are in line with Pancasila as the ideological assertion is open. The formulation of Pancasila as the opening of the 1945 Constitution. Paragraph 4 is expressed as a base value and penjabarannya as instrumental value. The base value does not change and can not be changed anymore. As important as the basic value contained in the preamble of the 1945 Constitution, its not yet operational. It means we have not been able to translate it directly in everyday life. Explanation of the 1945 Constitution itself point to the implementation of the law as the basis of the written law. Basic values ​​contained in the preamble of the 1945 Constitution that requires further elaboration. The translation of it as a direction for real life. Elaboration was then called Instrumental Value.
Instrumental value must also adhere to the basic values ​​it describes translation of it can be done in a creative and dynamic new forms to embody the same spirit and within the limits allowed by the value-batasyang basis. Elaboration that obviously should not be contrary to the basic values.
B. CHARACTERISTICS OF VALUESThe properties of value according to Bambang Daroeso (1986) is as follows.a. Value is an abstract reality and there is a human life. Abstract values ​​can not be diindra. It can be observed that the object is worth it. For example, people with honesty. Honesty is a value, but we can not perceive honesty. What we can sense it is honesty.b. Value has a normative nature, meaning the value contains hopes, ideals, and a must so that the value nemiliki ideal properties (das sollen). Values ​​embodied in human form as the basis of norms of action. For example, the value of justice. Everyone hopes and gain and behavior that reflects the value of justice.c. Value serves as the impetus / motivator and is a supporter of human values. Humans act based and driven by values ​​diyakininya.Misalnya, the value of piety. This makes the value of all people are driven to achieve the degree of piety.
C. TYPES OF VALUESIn philosophy, values ​​divided into three kinds, namelya. Valued logic is completely wrong value.b. Aesthetic value is not wonderful wonderful value.c. Ethical / moral good is bad value.Based on the above classification, we can set an example in life. If a student can answer a question, he logically correct. If he erred in answering, we say wrong. We can not say it was a bad student because the answer wrong. Poor is a moral value that is not our place to say so. Examples of aesthetic value is when we see a sight, watching a stage show, or taste of food, the aesthetic value is subjective in itself is concerned. Someone will be happy to see a painting which he thought very beautiful, but others may not like the painting. We can not impose that luikisan itbeautiful.Moral values ​​are a part of the value, ie the value of the deal with behaviorgood or bad of manusia.moral always associated with a value, but notall values ​​are moral values. Moral behavior or actions related tohumans. Moral values ​​is more related to the behavior of livingour day-to-day.Notonegoro in Kaelan (2000) mentions the existence of three kinds of value. The three valuesit is as follows:a. Material values, and of all things that are useful for human physical life or human bodily needs.b. Vital values, ie everything that is useful for people to be able to hold events or activities.c. Spiritual values, and of all things that are useful for the human spirit. Spiritual values ​​include1) The value of truth derived from reason (ratio, cultivation, copyright) man.2) The value of beauty or aesthetic value which is based on the element of feeling (emotion) humans.3) The value of moral goodness or value that originates in the element of volition (intention, Will) man.Religious value is the highest value and the absolute keohanian and rooted in trust or confidence man.